Often, however, the resulting outputs are not fit for purpose as they are question- rather than solution-driven. All such forecasts and especially those based on model chains, also have large uncertainties which can devalue their use in decision making and management. This project will collate information on real-world management decisions and mitigation measures in two countries where high DOM levels are common, Ireland and Sweden, further develop a modelling workflow for short-term forecasts of DOM developed in previous projects and run the framework for multiple sequential short-term simulations using historical data (or years with contrasting climatic conditions) to assess how often such mitigation measures would need to be taken.